Geotechnical numerical modeling of complex soil structure problems requires advanced three-dimensional advanced soil models. To determine the magnitude of stresses, analyze the deformation and settlement of the soft silty clay soil and the superstructure response, an analytical coupled model of geotechnical and structural engineering is presented in detail. Although it is necessary to examine both the shear resistance and the underlying settlements of any structure, the research is very limited and focuses on mechanisms of failure of superstructures only. Structural damage to the architectural heritage is often caused by the displacement of the earth’s soil, its differential settlement, its rotation, or any other effect of the interaction between the structure and the soil.
The co-operation between the designer and the contractor during construction and long-term performance monitoring are key components for the success of such undertakings. The significant cost and implicit long-term effectiveness of engineering schemes for the protection of historical monuments necessitates integrated approaches requiring on-going validation of the design. The protection of monuments requires special approaches in terms of adaptation of the engineering interventions to the historical environment and the lifetime of such interventions. Given the lifespan of such structures, several dynamic geological processes (weathering/erosion, surface movements and earthquakes) usually have a dramatic impact on the integrity of the monuments. Historical monuments are invariably exposed to the influence of the geological environment.
Finally, the study represents the design studies and implementation of the inter-organizational retrofitting intervention and strengthening project for the oldest Coptic church in Egypt. Results are recorded and discussed with respect to stress and volumetric behavior of soil. Plastic modeling or Mohr–Coulomb model in advanced soil was used during the various stages of numerical analysis. The present research presents an attempt and pilot study to design the PLAXIS 3D FE model to simulate ground problems, and to distort and analyze the stress of the complex structure of the Abu Serga church, which is loaded on plane level.
Numerical analysis for such geotechnical problems is largely expected to contribute to the conservation of cultural heritages. The land area is also susceptible to floods. The main objective of the present study is too accurately record and analysis the geotechnical problems and induced structural failure mechanisms observed and calculated in the field, experimental and numerical studies. The church gains its high prestige to having been constructed upon the Holy crypt of the Holy Family where they stayed during their sojourn in Egypt. The purpose of the study was to investigate the behavior fully-saturated soft clays subjected to self-weight loading from an old masonry structure of Abu Serga church which is the oldest church in Egypt dating back to the fifth century A.D and located in old Cairo area in Cairo city. This research presents the damage mechanism of a historical masonry architecture induced by differential settlement based on 3D FE analysis.
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